espeak-ng/phsource/ph_english_us

//*******************************************************************
// VOWELS
//*******************************************************************


phoneme 3    //  Schwa, used for rhotic schwa in American
  vowel   starttype #@  endtype #@
  ipa ɚ
  unstressed
  length 210
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/3_us)
endphoneme


phoneme @    //  Schwa
  vowel   starttype #@  endtype #@
  unstressed
  length 130
  IF nextPh(isRhotic) THEN
    ChangePhoneme(3)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vowel/@_4)
endphoneme

phoneme @/    //  Schwa, end of word
  vowel   starttype #@  endtype #@
  unstressed
  length 130
  FMT(vowel/@_low2)
endphoneme

phoneme @2   //  Schwa, changes to I before a vowel
  vowel  starttype #@  endtype #@
  unstressed
  length 120
  IF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
    ChangePhoneme(I2)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vowel/@_low2)
endphoneme

phoneme @L
  vowel  starttype #@  endtype l
  ipa əl
  unstressed
  length 160
  FMT(vwl_en/@L)
endphoneme


phoneme a
  vowel  starttype #e  endtype #@
  ipa æ
  length 210

  ChangeIfDiminished(a#)

  IF nextPh(isNasal) THEN
    FMT(vnasal/ee_n2)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vwl_en_us/a)
endphoneme


phoneme aa   //   'bath' etc.
  import_phoneme en-us/a
endphoneme


phoneme a#
  vowel  starttype #@  endtype #@
  ipa ɐ
  unstressed
  length 150
  FMT(vowel/a#_3)
endphoneme


phoneme E
  vowel  starttype #e  endtype #e
  length 195
  ChangeIfDiminished(I2)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/ee)
endphoneme


phoneme I
  vowel  starttype #i endtype #i
  length 160
  IfNextVowelAppend(;)
  ChangeIfDiminished(I2)
  FMT(vowel/ii_4)
endphoneme


phoneme I2
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #i
  unstressed
  length 160
  IfNextVowelAppend(;)
  FMT(vowel/ii#_3)
endphoneme


phoneme I#
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #i
  unstressed
  length 160
//  FMT(vowel/@_fnt)
  FMT(vowel/ii#)
endphoneme



phoneme i   //  optional variant of [I] for end of words
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #i
  unstressed
  length 170
  IfNextVowelAppend(;)
  FMT(vowel/ii_final)
endphoneme


phoneme 0
  vowel  starttype #a   endtype #a
  length 200
  ipa ɑː
  ChangeIfDiminished(@)
  IF nextPh(r) THEN
    ChangePhoneme(O:)
//    FMT(vwl_en_us/oor)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vowel/aa_8)
endphoneme


phoneme V
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #@
  length 170
  ChangeIfDiminished(@)
  FMT(vowel/V_6)
endphoneme


phoneme U
  vowel  starttype #o  endtype #o
  length 145
  FMT(vowel/8_2)
endphoneme


phoneme A:
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #a
  length 200
  IF nextPh(r) THEN
    FMT(vwl_en_us/ar)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vowel/aa_8)
endphoneme


phoneme A@      // Used for [A:] when followed by 'r', becomes [A:]+[r] in American
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #a
  ipa ɑːɹ
  IF nextPh(r-) THEN
    ipa ɑː
  ENDIF
  length 260
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/ar)
endphoneme


phoneme 3:
  vowel  starttype #@  endtype #@
  length 240
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/3_us2)
endphoneme


phoneme i:
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #i
  length 170
  IfNextVowelAppend(;)
  FMT(vowel/i_en)
endphoneme


phoneme O:
  vowel  starttype #o  endtype #o
  length 210
  ChangeIfDiminished(@)
  IF nextPh(r) THEN
    FMT(vwl_en_us/oor)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vowel/0_3)
endphoneme


phoneme O@
  vowel  starttype #o  endtype #@
  length 250
  ipa ɔːɹ
  IF nextPhW(r) THEN
    ipa ɔː
  ENDIF
  IfNextVowelAppend(r)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/oor)
endphoneme


phoneme o@
  vowel  starttype #o  endtype #@
  length 250
  ipa oːɹ
  IF nextPhW(r) THEN
    ipa oː
  ENDIF
  IfNextVowelAppend(r)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/or)
endphoneme


phoneme O
  vowel  starttype #o  endtype #o
  length 200
  ChangeIfDiminished(@)
  FMT(vowel/aa#)
endphoneme


phoneme u:
  vowel  starttype #u  endtype #u
  length 190
  FMT(vdiph2/uw_6)
endphoneme


phoneme aU
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #o
  length 235
  FMT(vdiph/aoo)
endphoneme


phoneme oU
  vowel  starttype #@  endtype #u
  length 230
  FMT(vdiph/8u)
endphoneme


phoneme aI
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #i
  length 250
  IF nextPh(#a) OR nextPh(#o) THEN
    AppendPhoneme(;)
  ENDIF
  FMT(vdiph/aae)
endphoneme


phoneme eI
  vowel  starttype #e  endtype #i
  length 230
  FMT(vdiph2/ei_4)
endphoneme


phoneme OI
  vowel  starttype #o  endtype #i
  length 285
  FMT(vdiph/ooi_4)
endphoneme


phoneme e@
  vowel  starttype #e  endtype #@
  length 280
  ipa ɛɹ
  IF nextPhW(r) THEN
    ipa ɛ
  ENDIF
  IfNextVowelAppend(r)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/er)
endphoneme


phoneme i@
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #@
  length 250
  FMT(vdiph2/ii@)  // don't append [r] before a vowel
endphoneme


phoneme i@3
  vowel  starttype #i  endtype #@
  length 280
  ipa ɪɹ
  IF nextPhW(r) THEN
    ipa ɪ
  ENDIF
  IfNextVowelAppend(r)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/ir)
endphoneme


phoneme U@
  vowel  starttype #@  endtype #@
  length 250
  ipa ʊɹ
  IF nextPhW(r-) THEN
    ipa ʊ
  ENDIF
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/ur)
endphoneme


phoneme aI@
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #@
  length 300
  ipa aɪə
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/ai@)
endphoneme


phoneme aI3
  vowel  starttype #a  endtype #@
  length 300
  ipa aɪɚ
  IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/ai3)
endphoneme


phoneme aU@
  vowel  starttype #a   endtype #@
  length 300
  ipa aɪʊɹ
  IF nextPhW(r) THEN
    ipa aɪʊ
  ENDIF
  IfNextVowelAppend(r)
  FMT(vwl_en_us/aU@)
endphoneme


//==============
// Consonants
//==============

phoneme r/   // used for [r] when not preceding a vowel
  liquid
  lengthmod 2   //
//  formants NULL
endphoneme


phoneme t
  vls alv stop
  voicingswitch d
  lengthmod 2

  IF prevPhW(isVowel) OR prevPhW(n) THEN
    IF nextPhW(isVowel) AND nextPh(isUnstressed) THEN
      IF next2Ph(n) AND next2Ph(notWordStart) THEN
      ELSE
        ChangePhoneme(t#)
      ENDIF
    ENDIF
  ENDIF

  Vowelin f1=0  f2=1700 -300 300  f3=-100 80
  Vowelout f1=0 f2=1700 -300 250  f3=-100 80  rms=20

  IF nextPh(isPause2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/t_)
  ELIF nextPh(r) OR nextPh(R) OR nextPh(R2) THEN
    WAV(ustop/tr)
  ELIF nextPh(@-) THEN
    WAV(ustop/t_dnt, 50)
  ENDIF
  WAV(ustop/t, 90)
endphoneme


phoneme t2   // [t] which doesn't reduce
  import_phoneme  base/t
endphoneme