Files
espeak-ng/phsource/ph_english
T

629 lines
10 KiB
Plaintext

phoneme t2 // [t] which doesn't reduce
vcd alv stop
ChangePhoneme(t)
endphoneme
phoneme t# // reduced [t] as in "city" in en-us
vcd alv stop
ChangePhoneme(t)
endphoneme
phoneme d# // change to [d] or [t] depending on whether previous phoneme is voiced
vls alv stop
IF prevPh(isVoiced) THEN
ChangePhoneme(d)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(t)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme z# // change to [z] or [s] depending on whether previous phoneme is voiced
vls alv frc sibilant
IF prevPh(isVoiced) THEN
ChangePhoneme(z)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(s)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme l // use dark [l/2] before not-vowel
liquid
lengthmod 7
IF NOT nextPhW(isVowel) THEN
IF prevPh(isVowel) OR prevPh(j) OR prevPh(w) THEN
ChangePhoneme(l/2)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(l/)
ENDIF
ENDIF
CALL base/l
endphoneme
phoneme r- // linking r, used in English between certain vowels and a following vowel
liquid rhotic
ipa ɹ
IF NOT thisPh(isWordEnd) AND NOT prevPh(@) AND NOT prevPh(3) THEN
ChangePhoneme(r)
ENDIF
lengthmod 0
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(r2/r2@)
VowelStart(r2/r2a)
VowelStart(r2/r2e)
VowelStart(r2/r2i)
VowelStart(r2/r2o)
VowelStart(r2/r2u)
EndSwitch
IF prevPh(isVowel) THEN
VowelEnding(r/xr, -60)
ENDIF
FMT(r/r)
endphoneme
phoneme z/2 // used for 's suffix
vcd alv frc sibilant
lengthmod 6
IF prevPh(isSibilant) THEN
InsertPhoneme(I2)
ENDIF
IF NOT prevPh(isVoiced) THEN
ChangePhoneme(s)
ENDIF
ChangePhoneme(z)
endphoneme
phoneme w#
vls glt apr // [h]
ipa ʍ
IF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
NextVowelStarts
VowelStart(w/w@)
VowelStart(w/wa)
VowelStart(w/we)
VowelStart(w/wi)
VowelStart(w/wo)
VowelStart(w/wu)
EndSwitch
ENDIF
WAV(h/hu, 70)
endphoneme
//*******************************************************************
// VOWELS
//*******************************************************************
phoneme @ // Schwa
vwl starttype #@ endtype #@
unstressed
length 140
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
IF thisPh(isWordEnd) THEN
FMT(vowel/@_6, 90)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/@)
endphoneme
phoneme 3 // Schwa, used for rhotic schwa in American, e.g. bett**er**
CALL @
ipa ə
endphoneme
phoneme @2 // Schwa, changes to I before a vowel. th**e**, used only for "the".
vwl starttype #@ endtype #@
unstressed
length 120
IF nextPh(isVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(I2)
ENDIF
ChangePhoneme(@)
endphoneme
phoneme @5 // Schwa, changes to U before a vowel. t**o**, used only for "to".
vwl starttype #@ endtype #@
unstressed
length 140
IF nextPh(isVowel) OR nextPh(isPause) THEN
ChangePhoneme(U)
ENDIF
ChangePhoneme(@)
endphoneme
phoneme @L // simp**le**
vwl starttype #@ endtype l
ipa ə|l
unstressed
length 160
CALL vowelstart_l
FMT(vwl_en/@L)
endphoneme
phoneme a
vwl starttype #a endtype #a
length 160
ChangeIfDiminished(a#)
IF thisPh(isUnstressed) THEN
FMT(vowel/a_8)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/a)
endphoneme
phoneme a2 // don't reduce to a#
vwl
ChangePhoneme(a)
endphoneme
phoneme a# // **a**bout. This may be \[@\] or may be a more open schwa.
vwl starttype #@ endtype #@
ipa ɐ
unstressed
length 150
IF NOT thisPh(isUnstressed) THEN
ChangePhoneme(a) // syllable has an explicit stress
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/a#_3)
endphoneme
phoneme aa // 'b**a**th' etc. This is \[a\] in some accents, \[A:\] in others.
vwl starttype #a endtype #a
ipa a
length 200
IF MbrolaSynth THEN
ChangePhoneme(A:)
ENDIF
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowel/a_6, 88)
endphoneme
phoneme E // dr**e**ss
vwl starttype #e endtype #e
length 140
IF nextPhW(n) THEN
ChangeIfDiminished(@)
ELSE
ChangeIfDiminished(I2)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/ee_5)
endphoneme
phoneme E# // [@] in unstressed syllables, if next vowel is stressed
vwl starttype #e endtype #e
IF thisPh(isUnstressed) AND nextVowel(isVowel) AND nextVowel(isStressed) THEN
ChangePhoneme(@)
ENDIF
ChangePhoneme(E)
endphoneme
phoneme E2 // does not reduce in unstressed syllables
vwl starttype #e endtype #e
length 140
ChangePhoneme(E) // a second change ([E] to [I2]) won't happen
endphoneme
phoneme I // k**i**t
vwl starttype #i endtype #i
length 130
IfNextVowelAppend(;)
FMT(vowel/ii_2)
endphoneme
phoneme I2 // **i**ntend. As \[I\], but also indicates an unstressed syllable.
vwl starttype #i endtype #i
unstressed
length 130
IF MbrolaSynth THEN
ChangePhoneme(I)
ENDIF
IfNextVowelAppend(;)
IF thisPh(isAfterStress) AND thisPh(isFinalVowel) THEN
FMT(vowel/ii#_3)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/ii_4)
endphoneme
phoneme I# // used for [I] which may be [@] in some accents
vwl starttype #i endtype #i
unstressed
length 130
IF MbrolaSynth THEN
ChangePhoneme(I)
ENDIF
IfNextVowelAppend(;)
ChangePhoneme(I2)
endphoneme
phoneme i // happ**y**. optional variant of [I] for end of words
vwl starttype #i endtype #i
unstressed
ipa i
length 150
IfNextVowelAppend(;)
// IF NOT thisPh(isFinalVowel) THEN
// ChangePhoneme(I)
// ENDIF
FMT(vowel/ii_7)
endphoneme
phoneme 0 // l**o**t
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
length 140
ChangeIfDiminished(@)
FMT(vowel/0)
endphoneme
phoneme 0# // [@] in unstressed syllables
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
IF thisPh(isUnstressed) AND nextVowel(isVowel) AND NOT nextVowel(isUnstressed) THEN
ChangePhoneme(@)
ENDIF
ChangePhoneme(0)
endphoneme
phoneme 02 // becomes V in en-us
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
length 140
ChangePhoneme(0)
endphoneme
phoneme V // str**u**t
vwl starttype #a endtype #@
length 140
ChangeIfDiminished(@)
FMT(vowel/V_2)
endphoneme
phoneme U // f**oo**t
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
length 150
IF prevPhW(j) THEN
length 130
FMT(vowel/8_2)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/uu)
endphoneme
phoneme A: // p**al**m
vwl starttype #a endtype #a
length 230
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowel/aa_2)
endphoneme
phoneme A@ // st**ar**t. Used for [A:] when followed by 'r'.
vwl starttype #a endtype #a
ipa ɑː
length 230
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowel/aa_2)
endphoneme
phoneme A# // [a] in British [A:] in American
vwl starttype #a endtype #a
ChangePhoneme(a)
endphoneme
phoneme 3: // n**ur**se
vwl starttype #@ endtype #@
length 210
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
ChangeIfDiminished(@)
FMT(vowel/3_en)
endphoneme
phoneme i: // fl**ee**ce
vwl starttype #i endtype #i
length 175
IfNextVowelAppend(;)
IF prevPh(w) THEN
VowelStart(w/wi2)
ENDIF
FMT(vowel/i_en)
endphoneme
phoneme O: // th**ou**ght
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
length 230
ChangeIfDiminished(@)
FMT(vowel/oo_en)
endphoneme
phoneme O
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
length 200
ChangeIfDiminished(@)
FMT(vowel/oo_en)
endphoneme
phoneme O@ // n**or**th
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
ipa ɔː
length 240
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowel/oo_en)
endphoneme
phoneme o@ // f**or**ce
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
ipa ɔː
length 250
IF MbrolaSynth THEN
ChangePhoneme(O@)
ENDIF
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowel/oo_en)
endphoneme
phoneme u: // g**oo**se
vwl starttype #u endtype #u
length 210
IF nextPh(l/2) THEN
FMT(vwl_en/u_L)
ENDIF
IF prevPhW(j) AND NOT thisPh(isWordEnd) THEN
length 160
ENDIF
FMT(vdiph2/uw_2)
endphoneme
phoneme aU // m**ou**th
vwl starttype #a endtype #u
length 230
FMT(vdiph/au)
endphoneme
phoneme oU // g**oa**t
vwl starttype #@ endtype #u
ipa əʊ
length 220
FMT(vdiph/@u_en)
endphoneme
phoneme oU#
vwl
IF thisPh(isStressed) THEN
ChangePhoneme(0)
ENDIF
IF nextVowel(isStressed) OR prevVowel(isStressed) THEN
ChangePhoneme(@)
ENDIF
ChangePhoneme(oU)
endphoneme
phoneme aI // pr**i**ce
vwl starttype #a endtype #i
length 240
IF nextPh(#a) THEN
AppendPhoneme(;)
ENDIF
FMT(vdiph/ai_2)
endphoneme
phoneme eI // f**a**ce
vwl starttype #e endtype #i
length 210
FMT(vdiph/eei)
endphoneme
phoneme OI // ch**oi**ce
vwl starttype #o endtype #i
length 230
FMT(vdiph/ooi)
endphoneme
phoneme e@ // squ**are**
vwl starttype #e endtype #@
length 230
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowel/ee_1)
endphoneme
phoneme i@ // n**ear**
vwl starttype #i endtype #@
length 250
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vdiph2/ii@)
endphoneme
phoneme i@3
vwl starttype #i endtype #@
length 250
IF MbrolaSynth THEN
ChangePhoneme(i@)
ENDIF
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vdiph2/ii@)
endphoneme
phoneme U@ // c**ure**
vwl starttype #u endtype #@
length 200
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
IF thisPh(isUnstressed) THEN
FMT(vdiph2/8@)
ENDIF
FMT(vdiph2/uu@)
endphoneme
phoneme aI@ // sc**ie**nce
vwl starttype #a endtype #@
length 280
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vwl_en/aI@)
endphoneme
phoneme aI3
vwl starttype #a endtype #@
length 280
ChangePhoneme(aI@)
endphoneme
phoneme aU@ // h**our**
vwl starttype #a endtype #@
length 280
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vwl_en/aU@)
endphoneme
phoneme IR // used for "ir" when [3:] is split (Scottish)
vwl starttype #@ endtype #@
length 190
ipa əɹ
IF nextPhW(r-) THEN
ipa ə
ENDIF
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowelr/V_r)
endphoneme
phoneme VR // used for "or"/"ur" when [3:] is split (Scottish)
vwl starttype #@ endtype #@
length 210
ipa ʌɹ
IF nextPhW(r-) THEN
ipa ʌ
ENDIF
IfNextVowelAppend(r-)
FMT(vowelr/V3_r)
endphoneme
phoneme o:
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
length 220
FMT(vowel/o)
endphoneme
phoneme A~
vwl starttype #a endtype #a
length 260
FMT(vnasal/aa_n2)
endphoneme
phoneme O~
vwl starttype #o endtype #o
length 240
FMT(vnasal/oo_n2)
endphoneme
phoneme e:
vwl starttype #e endtype #e
length 210
FMT(vowel/e)
endphoneme
phoneme a#2 // for word 'an'
vwl
IF next2Ph(isVowel) THEN
ChangePhoneme(a#)
ELSE
ChangePhoneme(a)
ENDIF
endphoneme
phoneme @# // TEST: [@] which is slightly more 'front'
vwl starttype #i endtype #i
unstressed
length 130
FMT(vowel/@_3)
endphoneme