diff --git a/dictsource/dict_phonemes b/dictsource/dict_phonemes
index 6de5e0ff..4733a3ce 100644
--- a/dictsource/dict_phonemes
+++ b/dictsource/dict_phonemes
@@ -377,8 +377,8 @@ o    o:   oU   r*   r-   u    U    u:
 
 *    ;    b    d    dZ   dZ;  f    g    
 h    j    k    l    L    l^   m    n    
-N    n^   p    r    R    s    S    t    
-tS   ts   tS;  v    x    z    Z    
+N    n^   p    r    R    R2   s    S    
+t    tS   ts   tS;  v    x    z    Z    
 
 
 Dictionary id_dict
@@ -414,10 +414,10 @@ R    s    S    t    tS   v    z    Z
 
 Dictionary ku_dict
 
-a    e    E    E#   eI   eU   i    I    
-o    u    U    y    
+8    a    e    E    E#   eI   eU   i    
+I    o    u    U    y    
 
-:    b    c    d    dZ   f    g    h    
-j    J    k    l    m    n    p    q    
-r    R    s    S    t    tS   v    w    
-x    z    Z    
+*    :    b    c    d    dZ   f    g    
+h    j    J    k    l    m    n    p    
+q    r    R    s    S    t    tS   v    
+w    x    z    Z    
diff --git a/dictsource/en_list b/dictsource/en_list
index aa3669ce..1f864f13 100644
--- a/dictsource/en_list
+++ b/dictsource/en_list
@@ -2155,7 +2155,7 @@ Bengal		b,Eng'O:l
 Benin		bEnIn
 Berlin		b3:l'In
 Bhutan		bu:t'an
-Bogata		b0ga2t'A:
+Bogota		b0g@t'A:
 Bucharest	bu:k@r'Est
 Budapest	bu:d@p'Est
 Buenos		bweIn0s
@@ -2261,6 +2261,7 @@ Prague		prA:g
 Pyrenees	pIr@n'i:z
 Qatar		katA@
 Quebec		kwI2bEk
+Sahel		sA:h'El
 Saigon		saIg'0n
 Santiago	santI'A:goU
 Savannah	$2
diff --git a/dictsource/en_rules b/dictsource/en_rules
index 414eafee..33bb5da0 100644
--- a/dictsource/en_rules
+++ b/dictsource/en_rules
@@ -3072,7 +3072,7 @@
         wr) it (er       aIt
             ithe_        aID
          l) ithe         aID
-       _sl) ith          ID
+         l) ith (er      ID
             it (i_       'i:t
             itius (_     'IS@s
             itis (_      'aItIs
@@ -4863,7 +4863,7 @@
             wr           r
          C) we (_        =wI
             were (w      wi@3
-        th) west         w'Est
+         C) west         w'Est
             we (w        wi:
             where        we@
             what         w0t
diff --git a/dictsource/hbs_rules b/dictsource/hbs_rules
index 2b7ac52b..23a0789b 100755
--- a/dictsource/hbs_rules
+++ b/dictsource/hbs_rules
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
         rr       R
         r (_     R
 
-     K) r (K     R    // ??
+     K) r (K     R2
 
 
 .group s
diff --git a/dictsource/it_list b/dictsource/it_list
index 7cf80f87..2a583580 100644
--- a/dictsource/it_list
+++ b/dictsource/it_list
@@ -8,17 +8,54 @@ _cap	k'apital
 _??	s'imbolo
 _?A	let:'e:Ra
 
+_a	a:
+b	bi
+c	tSi
+d	di
+_e	e:
+f	effe
+g	dZi
+h	ak:a
+_i	i:
+j	dZe:j
+k	kap:a
+l	Elle
+m	Emme
+n	Enne
+_o	O:
+p	pi
+q	ku
+r	ER*e
+s	esse
+t	ti
+_u	u:
+v	vu
+w	d'op:jav'u
+x	'iks
+y	'ipsilon
+z	dze:ta
+
+_à	$accent
+_é	$accent
+_è	$accent
+_ì	$accent
+_ó	$accent
+_ò	$accent
+_ù	$accent
+
+
 
 // accent names
 _lig	l,egat'u:Ra
-_acu	atS:'ento_|ak'u:to
-_ac2	d'op:i;o_|atS:'ento_|ak'u:to	
+_acu	ak'u:to
+_ac2	d'op:i;o_|ak'u:to	
 _brv	b@-*'e:ve
 _ced	tSed'il^a
 _cir	tSi;@-*konfl'esso
 _dia	djeR'e:zI
 _dot	p'unto||s,ov@-*ask@-*'it:o
-_grv	atS:'entog@-*'a:ve
+_grv	g@-*'a:ve
+//_grv	atS:'entog@-*'a:ve
 _hac	h'atSek
 _mcn	m'ak@-*on
 _ogo	og'o:nek
@@ -366,15 +403,10 @@ facevano	$u+
 
 // Letters
 // If a letter has a "word" pronunciation which is different from its
-// "letter" name, then include the letter name here, with the letter
-// prefixed by a _ character.
-_a	a:
+// "letter" name, then include the letter name here
 a	a:  $atend
-_e	e:
 e       e:  $atend
-_i	i:
 i       i:  $atend
-_o	O:
 o       O:  $atend
 
 
diff --git a/dictsource/it_rules b/dictsource/it_rules
index 8eb82da8..ae0c80c3 100644
--- a/dictsource/it_rules
+++ b/dictsource/it_rules
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 
 
 .group a
-	_)	a(_	a
 		a	a:
 		a (CK	a
 		ai      aI (K
@@ -23,14 +22,12 @@
 		a (tterA_   'a
 
 .group b
-	_)	b(_	bi
 		b       b
 		bb      b:
 
 	li)	be	=be
 		
 .group c
-	_)	c(_	tSi
 		c	k
 		cc	k:
 		c ('    tS
@@ -61,13 +58,11 @@
 	@)	co (lA_ =ko
 		
 .group d
-	_)	d(_	di
 		d	d
 		dd	d:
 	n)	dere    =deRe
 
 .group e
-	_)	e(_	e
 		e	e:
 		e (CK	e
 		ei	ej (K
@@ -88,7 +83,6 @@
 
 		
 .group f
-	_)	f(_	effe
 		f	f
 
 	@A)	f (ico_  =f
@@ -97,7 +91,6 @@
 	@A)	f (ero_  =f
 		
 .group g
-	_)	g(_	dZi
 		g	g
 		gg	g:
 		gh	g
@@ -136,12 +129,10 @@
 
 	
 .group h
-	_)	h(_	ak:a
 		h
 		ha      h'a
 
 .group i
-	_)	i(_	i
 		i	i:
 		i (CK	i
 		i (A	j
@@ -175,28 +166,23 @@
 
 		
 .group j
-	_)	j(_	dZe:j
 		j	j
 
 .group k
-	_)	k(_	kap:a
 		k	k
 		kk	k:
 		
 .group l
-	_)	l(_	Elle
 		l	l
                ll (C    l_
                ll (_    l
 		
 .group m
-	_)	m(_	Emme
 		m	m
 	A)	mi (a   m'i:
 	@)	mi (co_ m'i:
 		
 .group n
-	_)	n(_	Enne
 		n	n
 		n (g	N
 		n (ge   n
@@ -206,7 +192,6 @@
 		n (k	N
 		
 .group o
-	_)	o(_	o
 		o	o:
 		o (CK	o
 		oi	oI (K
@@ -226,7 +211,6 @@
 
 	
 .group p
-	_)	p(_	pi
 		p	p
 		pp	p:
         _)      pn (@@   n
@@ -234,12 +218,10 @@
 	@m)	p (ere_ =p
 
 .group q
-	_)	q(_	ku
 		q	kw2
 		qu	kw2
 
 .group r
-	_)	r(_	ER*e
 	C)	r	@-*
 		r	@-*
 	_)	r	@-*
@@ -247,7 +229,6 @@
 	A)	r (A	R
 		
 .group s
-	_)	s(_	esse
 		s	s
 	_)	s	s
 	A)	s (A	z
@@ -283,12 +264,10 @@
 	@)	sia	s'ia	
 		
 .group t
-	_)	t(_	ti
 		t	t
 		tt	t:
 		
 .group u
-	_)	u(_	u
 		u	u:
 		u (CK	u
 		u (A	w2
@@ -299,25 +278,20 @@
 	@)	u (colo_  'u
 
 .group v
-	_)	v(_	vu
 		v	v
 	
 .group w
-	_)	w(_	d'op:jav'u
 		w	w2
 
 .group x
-	_)	x(_	'iks
 		x	ks
 		
 .group y
-	_)	y(_	'ipsilon
 		y	j
 		y (K	i        // foreign words
 	
 		
 .group z
-	_)	z(_	dze:ta
 		z	ts
 	A)	zz	ts:
 
diff --git a/dictsource/ku_list b/dictsource/ku_list
index 9b88238d..aa833c56 100644
--- a/dictsource/ku_list
+++ b/dictsource/ku_list
@@ -95,6 +95,8 @@ _!	banES'an
 a	$u+
 ê	$u+	
 
+
+
 // pronouns
 ez	$u+
 te	$u+
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@ yên	$u
 ji	$u
 bi	$u
 re	$u
-di	$u
+di	$u $brk
 de	$u
 kir	$u
 got	$u
@@ -125,3 +127,6 @@ got	$u
 hwd	hEr||wEki||dIn
 
 // pronunciation exceptions
+
+lê	$u+
+nebû	$1
diff --git a/dictsource/ku_rules b/dictsource/ku_rules
index b256c179..5a291f32 100644
--- a/dictsource/ku_rules
+++ b/dictsource/ku_rules
@@ -78,6 +78,8 @@
 
 .group r
         r        R
+        rr       R
+     A) r (A     *
 
 .group s
         s        s
@@ -99,6 +101,7 @@
 
 .group w
         w        w
+     x) we       8
 
 .group x
         x        x
diff --git a/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es1 b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es1
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..d59fe795
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es1
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+language es 7
+name spanish-mbrola-1
+gender male
+pitch 82 117
+
+mbrola es1 es_phtrans
+
diff --git a/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es1-en b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es1-en
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e5b9d084
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es1-en
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name en-spanish1
+language en 10
+gender male
+
+dictrules 1
+pitch 82 117
+mbrola es1 es_phtrans
+
diff --git a/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es2 b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es2
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..42de5888
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es2
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+language es 7
+name spanish-mbrola-2
+gender male
+pitch 82 117
+
+mbrola es2 es_phtrans
+
diff --git a/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es2-en b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es2-en
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..45f21402
--- /dev/null
+++ b/espeak-data/voices/mb/mb-es2-en
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+name en-spanish2
+language en 10
+gender male
+
+dictrules 1
+pitch 82 117
+mbrola es2 es_phtrans
+
diff --git a/phsource/compile_report b/phsource/compile_report
index 16e45ca8..e10a050a 100644
--- a/phsource/compile_report
+++ b/phsource/compile_report
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
       zh  65  148
       sw  14  107
       tr  18  122
-      ku  17  121
+      ku  18  122
       id  15  119
       rw  15  124
       ko  18  145
@@ -1177,7 +1177,6 @@ vowel/&         [a] en_rp
                 [&] fi
                 [&:] hi
                 [&] sv
-                [E] ku
 vowel/0         [0] en
                 [O] hi
                 [O] pt
@@ -1207,6 +1206,7 @@ vowel/8         [o-] zh
 vowel/8_2       [U] en_us
                 [8] sv
 vowel/8_3       [eo] zhy
+vowel/8_5       [8] ku
 vowel/a         [a] en_n
                 [aa] en_n
                 [a] en_wm
@@ -1342,13 +1342,13 @@ vowel/e_2       [eI] en_sc
                 [e:] sv
                 [e:] no
 vowel/e_3       [e:] hu
+                [e] ku
 vowel/e_5       [i] en_sc
 vowel/ee        [E] fr
                 [E] pl
                 [E] sv
 vowel/e_e       [E] en_sc
                 [e] is
-vowel/ee#       [E#] ku
 vowel/ee_1      [E] base2
                 [e@] en
                 [e@] en_n
@@ -1362,6 +1362,7 @@ vowel/ee_2      [E] en
                 [E] cy
                 [E2] nl
                 [E] zh
+                [E#] ku
 vowel/ee#_2     [E-] sv
 vowel/ee_3      [&] af
                 [&:] af
@@ -1370,6 +1371,7 @@ vowel/ee_3      [&] af
 vowel/ee_6      [E] en_n
                 [&] sk
                 [E3] sv
+                [E] ku
 vowel/e_mid     [E] en_rp
                 [e] jbo
                 [E] fr_ca
@@ -1470,7 +1472,7 @@ vowel/ii        [I] en_rp
                 [I] nl
                 [I] is
                 [i] zhy
-                [e] ku
+                [I] ku
 vowel/ii#       [Y] cy
                 [y] pl
                 [Y] ru
diff --git a/phsource/mbrola/es b/phsource/mbrola/es
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1595840b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phsource/mbrola/es
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+
+0  l/2 NULL  0  l
+0  l/ NULL   0  l
+0  r/ NULL   0  r
+0  r- NULL   0  r
+0  l- NULL   0  l
+0  w/ NULL   0  w
+0  j/ NULL   0  i
+0  ;  NULL   0  NULL
+0  g- NULL   0  NULL
+0  @- NULL   0  NULL
+0  *  NULL   0  r
+0  :  NULL   0  NULL
+
+0  ** NULL   0  r
+0  R  NULL   0  rr
+0  v# NULL   0  b
+0  v  NULL   0  b
+0  j  NULL   0  i
+0  J  NULL   0  L
+0  J^ NULL   0  L
+0  n^ NULL   0  J
+0  N  NULL   0  n
+0  B  NULL   0  b
+0  D  NULL   0  d
+0  Q  NULL   0  g
+0  z  NULL   0  s
+2  T  s      0  s
+0  T  s      0  s
+
+0  a/ NULL   0  a
+0  E  NULL   0  e
+0  O  NULL   0  o
+0  aI NULL   60 a i
+0  eI NULL   60 e i
+0  oI NULL   60 o i
+0  aU NULL   60 a u
+0  eU NULL   60 e u
+
+0  dZ NULL   0  tS
+0  S  NULL   60 s jj
+0  Z  NULL   60 s jj
+
+0  @  NULL   0  e
+0  @2 NULL   0  e
+0  @5 NULL   0  u
+0  0  NULL   0  o
+0  V  NULL   0  a
+0  U  NULL   0  u
+0  I  NULL   0  i
+0  I2 NULL   0  i
+0  A: NULL   0  a
+0  A@ NULL   60 a r
+0  o: NULL   0  o
+0  O: NULL   0  o
+0  O@ NULL   60 o r
+0  o@ NULL   60 o r
+0  i: NULL   0  i
+0  i@ NULL   60 i a
+0  i@3 NULL  60 i r
+0  u: NULL   0  u
+0  U@ NULL   60 u r
+0  3  NULL   60 e r
+0  3: NULL   60 e r
+0  @L NULL   40 e l
+0  a2 NULL   0  a
+0  aa NULL   0  a
+0  e@ NULL   0  e r
+0  oU NULL   0  o
+0  OI NULL   60 o i
+0  aI@ NULL  60 a e
+0  aU@ NULL  0  a
+0  t2 NULL   0  t
+0  h  NULL   0  NULL
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/phsource/ph_kurdish b/phsource/ph_kurdish
index 97d067e8..60bef0ea 100644
--- a/phsource/ph_kurdish
+++ b/phsource/ph_kurdish
@@ -2,35 +2,37 @@
 
 phoneme i
   vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
-  length 170
+  length 190
   formants vowel/i_6
 endphoneme
 
 
 phoneme I
-  vowel starttype (i) endtype (i)
-  length 125
+  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
+  length 110
   formants vowel/ii#
+  before j  vowel/ii
 endphoneme
 
 
+
 phoneme e
   vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
   length 220
-  formants vowel/ii
+  formants vowel/e_3
 endphoneme
 
 
 phoneme E
   vowel starttype (a) endtype (a)
-  length 160
-  formants vowel/&
+  length 150
+  formants vowel/ee_6
 endphoneme
 
 phoneme E#
-  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
-  length 150
-  formants vowel/ee#
+  vowel starttype (e) endtype (e)
+  length 140
+  formants vowel/ee_2
 endphoneme
 
 
@@ -41,6 +43,13 @@ phoneme a
 endphoneme
 
 
+phoneme 8
+  vowel starttype (@) endtype (@)
+  length 160
+  formants vowel/8_5
+endphoneme
+
+
 phoneme o
   vowel starttype (o) endtype (o)
   length 220
diff --git a/phsource/vowel/8_5 b/phsource/vowel/8_5
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..40cba529
Binary files /dev/null and b/phsource/vowel/8_5 differ
diff --git a/phsource/vowel/ii# b/phsource/vowel/ii#
index f3ec882b..d6238899 100644
Binary files a/phsource/vowel/ii# and b/phsource/vowel/ii# differ
diff --git a/src/synthdata.cpp b/src/synthdata.cpp
index 9d56f2bd..b03a8f4e 100755
--- a/src/synthdata.cpp
+++ b/src/synthdata.cpp
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 #include "translate.h"
 #include "wave.h"
 
-const char *version_string = "1.36.12  10.Apr.08";
+const char *version_string = "1.36.13  13.Apr.08";
 const int version_phdata  = 0x013400;
 
 int option_device_number = -1;
diff --git a/src/synthesize.cpp b/src/synthesize.cpp
index 8b2c8de3..c132c594 100755
--- a/src/synthesize.cpp
+++ b/src/synthesize.cpp
@@ -1576,7 +1576,7 @@ int SpeakNextClause(FILE *f_in, const void *text_in, int control)
 		if(!iswalpha(0x010d))
 		{
 			// check that c-caron is recognized as an alphabetic character
-			fprintf(stderr,"Warning: Accented letters are not recognized, eg: U+010D\n");
+			fprintf(stderr,"Warning: Accented letters are not recognized, eg: U+010D\nSet LC_CTYPE to a UTF-8 locale\n");
 		}
 	}
 	if(phoneme_callback != NULL)